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Grammar, made visual
The parts of Portuguese grammar that people actually need: the verbs you use every day, the two verbs "to be", the personal infinitive that English does not have, and a quick way to guess gender.
Verb tables
| Subject | Form (tap to hear) |
|---|
All present-tense forms at a glance
| Verb | eu | tu | ele / ela / você | nós | eles / elas / vocês |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ser to be (what something is) | sou | és | é | somos | são |
| estar to be (how or where something is) | estou | estás | está | estamos | estão |
| ter to have | tenho | tens | tem | temos | têm |
| ir to go | vou | vais | vai | vamos | vão |
| fazer to do, to make | faço | fazes | faz | fazemos | fazem |
| querer to want | quero | queres | quer | queremos | querem |
| poder to be able to, can | posso | podes | pode | podemos | podem |
| saber to know (a fact), to know how | sei | sabes | sabe | sabemos | sabem |
| dar to give | dou | dás | dá | damos | dão |
| ver to see | vejo | vês | vê | vemos | veem |
| falar to speak (-ar model) | falo | falas | fala | falamos | falam |
| comer to eat (-er model) | como | comes | come | comemos | comem |
| partir to leave, to break (-ir model) | parto | partes | parte | partimos | partem |
Ser or estar?
ser: what something is
Identity, nationality, job, character, time, dates, material, and where an event takes place. Sou português. Ela é médica. São três horas.
estar: how or where it is now
Passing states, feelings, results, where people and things are. And in Portugal, the continuous: Estou a aprender. Estamos a esperar.
Game: which verb?
The personal infinitive
Portuguese is one of the few languages where the infinitive can take a person ending. You will see it after prepositions like para, sem, antes de and depois de when the subject changes: Para nós falarmos melhor, precisamos de praticar. (For us to speak better, we need to practise.) For eu, ele and ela it is just the plain infinitive.
Game: choose the form
Gender helper
Every noun is masculine (o) or feminine (a). The ending predicts it most of the time. Guess, then tap to see the rule behind the answer.
| Usually masculine | Usually feminine |
|---|---|
| -o: o livro, o carro | -a: a casa, a mesa |
| -l, -r: o hotel, o senhor | -ção, -são: a informação, a decisão |
| -ma (Greek): o problema, o sistema | -dade, -agem: a cidade, a viagem |
| Exceptions: o dia, o mapa | Exceptions: a mão, a flor, a cor |
European Portuguese (pt-PT). Pronunciations follow Wiktionary's European Portuguese entries and standard dictionaries such as Infopédia and Priberam. Last reviewed 6 November 2026. Not yet reviewed by a native-speaker teacher: it is a learning tool, not a replacement for one. What was checked.